Hydraulic apparatus



` Feb. 3, 1931. -H. E. GRAU ETAL HYDRAULIC APPARATUS 2 sheets-sheet 1 Filed June 4125. 1928 4 7g fg., fili RS: and 7gg/7W .JI Calnlme ATTORNEYS.

Feb. 3, 1931. H* E GRAU ET AL 1,790,93

HYDRAULI C APPARATUS Filed'June 25, 1928 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 ATTOREYSI Patented Feb. 3, 1931 UNITED` STATES PATENT 4OFFICE HERBERT E. GRAU, 0F LOS ANGELES, AND .ANDREW J. COLMERAUER, OF REDONDO BEACH, CALIFORNIA HYDRAULIC APPARATUS Application mea .Tune 25. 192s. serial no. 288,236.

This invention relates to hydraulic apparatus, and particularly to a. hydraulic drawworks for oil Well drilling.

The invention has for an object a. hydraulic device adapted to operate with the drill stem in'such a manner that the drill stem may be readily elevated under pressure or lowered under pressure. The device is Aso constituted as todo away with the ordinary form of drawworks consisting of the usual hoist and associated members. Particularly the device does v away with the ordinarily used wire line.

Another object is the provision of a system and device which is easy to control by an operator, which iscomparatively simple in construction, fool proof in operation, and

-superior to systems at present known to the inventors.

Other objects are contemplated within the scope of the invention although not specically set forth. 1

With the above and other objects in view, the invention consists in the novel and useful provision, formation, construction, and relative arrangement of parts, members and features, all as shown in a certain embodiment in the accompanying drawinvs, described generally, and more particularly pointed out in the claims.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is an elevation of the improvedo hydraulic drawworks, A

Figure 2 is a vertical sectionalV view on the line 2-2 of Figure 5, l

Figure 3 is a cross sectional view on the line 3 3 ofFigurel,

Figure 4 is a transverse sectional view on the line 4 4 of F igure,

Figure 5 is a plan view of the drawworks and showing the general arrangement of the various parts, members and features of the invention, s

Figure 6 is a fragmentaryielevation, partly in section, of certain bracing means of the invention, and, Figure 7 is a sectional vlew on the line 7--7 of Figure 1. s Referring to Figure 1, the hydraulic drawworks is designated as an entirety by A, and the same may operate in conJunction wlth a around which the wire rope is passed to cause movemento of said wire rope, and utilize in place thereof the hydraulic lift about to be described.

In Figure 1, we have provided the usual derrick a braced in the usual manner. Upon the flooring of the derrick is a portion of the means=B such as aorotary table b and which is turned in the usual manner-by countershaft c associated with a motor d. This con struction is illustrated .in Figure 5, wherein it is observed that the drum is not used. Within the derrick and braced to the derrick is a part of the hydraulic drawworks A.` This hydraulic drawworks comprises in the present instance, two devices both designated as e as they are identical in construction.

Referring to Figure 2 wherein one of said devices is illustrated, we have provided for each device a plurality of telescoping members, and of which 1 is a cylinder, 2 a subcylinder, and 3 a piston. The cylinder 1 comprises a-tubular member capped at one end 4 with a tube 5 secured to the cap and in communication with the interior4 of the cylinder. This tube in turn communicates with what may be termed a throttle valve designated generally as f and. which will be described later. Within the cylinder and spaced from the inner wall thereof is Ithe sub-cylinder 2, which sub-cylinder is reduced in diameter at 6 to accommodate packing 7 inter osed between packing rings 8, which pac 'ng and packing rings close the space between` the sub-cylinder` and the cylinder at one end of saidsub-cylmder, and the packing and packling rlngs are held in position by an annular shouldered nut 9 secured to the lower end 11 and 12, respectively, to maintain the space between the sub-cylinder and the cylinder Huid-tight at the upper end of the said cylinder. Concentric within the sub-cylinder is thepiston 3 which is tubular in ormaticn, and the lower end of which carries a head comprising a solid nut 13 secured within the piston and which nut in turn has secured thereto plates 14 and 15 adapted to accommodate and hold in position packing washers 16 and 17, which packing washers are adapted lto bear against the inner surface oi the said cylinder. Closing the space between the sub-cylinder and the piston and at the upper end of the sub-cylinder are a series of packing washers 18 maintained in position by a nut 19 secured to the sub-cylinder. The upper end of the piston is closed by a flanged nut 20, the flange being shown at 21.- A pipe 22 communicates with the space included between the cylinder 1 and the sub-cylinder 2 and adjacent the top of the cylinder 1 this tube in turn leading to the throttle valve f as shown in Figure 4. As beforestated, two of the said devices e are used and said devices are arranged in the present instance on diametric opposite sides of the rotary table b, as shown in Figure' 5. To brace the said devices. e, guide rails g are provided. These guide rails extend upwardly Within the derrick and are secured in any approved manner to the iooring of the derrick. In order to maintain the rigidity of said guide rails,

trussing k is provided. This trussing comprises rods connected to the derrick legs 23. It will be observed that upon, inspection of Figure 5, each guide rail is braced by three of the rods h and which rods connect with three of the legs 23.. Turn-buckles 24 are 'provided for tightening the rods 'and said rods are connected to the legs in an-y approved manner, such as by eyes carried by the legs or by passing looped ends of the rods through bores in a leg of the rails.

The means e is of comparative length, so that when the said means is in full length position, the nut 20 will b adjacent the top of the derrick. In this particular, it will be observed that each cylinder 1 is adapted` to be received within a well 25, beneath the derrick flooring, and that the piping 5 and 22 which communicates with said cylinder is also received within said wells. To brace the upper ends of the sub-cylinder means y' shown in Figure 3 is provided, and this means comprises a cross hea'd bored at 26 and 27, and

adapted to be secured to the upper end of` said sub-cylinders, as best shown in Figure 2. Likewise the said cross head is provided with guide clips 28 adapted to in part embrace thel guide rails g. The cross head is centrally ormed with a recess 29. The nut 20 secured to the piston 3 carriesa cross head k, said cross head being bored adjacent its ends at 30 se as to be received upon each end 2 0 and secured adjacent the upper end of each cylinder, which ring is provided with outstanding spaced lugs 39 adapted to have clamped therebetween brace members 40, which brace members inturn are secured to girts of the derrick.

In order to operate thevhydraulic drawworks, we have provided a pressure pump nY in communication by means of a conduit 41 with an oil reseryoir tank 42. A pipe 43 leads from the pressure side of the pump n to the throttle valve Likewise leading from the throttle valve is a pipe 44, which communicates with the top of the oil reserve tank 42. This throttle valve f includes a housing 45 within which is a rotary valve 46 provided with two spaced apart, curved ports 47 and 48. This housing has four equidistantly spaced ports and the pipes 5, 22, 43 and 44 communicate with said ports. This valve is adapted to be operated by the usual hand wheel 49. In Figure 1, it will be observed that there is a valved by-pass 50 between the pipes 43 and 44.

The operation, uses and advantages of the invention just described are as follows:

When the pressure pump is in operation, oil is pumped from the oil reserve tank through the conduit 41 into said pump and thence under pressure through the pipe 43 and controlled as toits movement by the valve f. Assuming that the valve is turned so that the port 48 registers with the pipes 5 and 43, which would cause the port 47 to register with the pipes 22 and 44, oil under pressure would be directed from the pressure pum to the bottom of the cylinders 1.y This o1l under pressure would be received within the cylinder and against the piston hehd 13, which would cause the piston to be raised within the sub-cylinder. After the piston head has been raised its full length, the piston head would Acome into contact with the packing rings 18, which act to c lose the space between the subcylinder and the piston, whereupon the subcylinder would commence movement within the cylinder until the sub-cylinder and cylinder would be extended to full length position, as illustrated in Figure 1. If it were desired to lower the hydraulic drawworks, the throttle valve could be turned to the position shown in Figure 4, whereupon the oil would be allowed'to flow from the cylinder and back through the pipe 44 into the reserve tank 42,

it being observed that if desired oil under pressure could be directed from the pump through the pipe 22 into the space included between the cylinder and sub-cylinder so that said oil would contact with the packing and packing rings 7 and 8 and force said subcylinder downwardly within the cylinder. Or if this was unnecessary, the pressure pump could be stopped as to operation or the valve operated so as to relieve pressure from the pressure line 43. It is thus evident that we have provided a hydraulic lift which is easy to operate. In Figure l, a drill stem 'o is being passed through the rotary table z, and is secured to the top cross head c by means of a hook carried by the members 34 and 35. Upon operating the valve, the hydraulic drawworks may be operated to raise or lower the drill stem and as has been explained, this drill stem may be lowered under pressure by directing iuid under pressure through the pipe 22.

Various adaptations and uses of the invention will readily suggest themselves to one skilled in the art, andV it is to be understood that such modifications and adaptations are contemplated byythis invention and within the scope of the appended claims.

Having thus disclosed our invention, what we claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

l. The combination with a well derrick, of a pair of hydraulic lifts therein, both comprising a plurality of telescoping members as follows: a cylinder, a sub-cylinder spaced within the cylinder, and a piston within the subcylinder; means for admitting fluid under pressure between the cylinders and sub-cylinders and likewise within the cylinder to cause relative movement between said telescoping members; and brackets between pairs of said sub-cylinders and between said pistons'.

2. The combination with a Well derrick, of

' a pair of hydraulic lifts therein, both comprising a plurality of telescoping members as follows: a cylinder, a sub-cylinder spaced within the cylinder, and a piston within the subcylinder; means for admitting fluid under pressure between the cylinders and sub-cylin;

ders and likewise within the cylinder to cause relative movement between said telescoping members; brackets between pairs of saidsubcylinders and between said pistons; a pair of `guides within said derrick and anchored thereto, and means on said brackets in engagement with said guides for dlrecting movement of said telescoping members.

In testimony whereof, we have signed our names to this speciiication at Torrance, Galiiornia, this 31st day of May, 1928.

HERBERT E. GRAU. ANDREW' J. COLLIERAUER. 

